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做信息浏览的网站策划案,seo视频教程百度云,企业信息平台查询,制作一个网站数据库怎么做目录一、实验 1.环境 2.Kali Linux 使用nmap扫描CentOS 3.Kali Linux 远程CentOS 4.Kali Linux 使用openvas 扫描 CentOS 5.Nginx 热升级 6.Nginx 平滑回退二、问题 1.kill命令的信号有哪些 2.平滑升级与回退的信号一、实验 1.环境 （1）主机…

一、实验

1.环境

2.Kali Linux 使用nmap扫描CentOS

3.Kali Linux 远程CentOS

4.Kali Linux 使用openvas 扫描 CentOS

5.Nginx 热升级

6.Nginx 平滑回退

二、问题

1.kill命令的信号有哪些

2.平滑升级与回退的信号

一、实验

1.环境

（1）主机

表1 主机

系统

版本

备注

CentOS

7.9

192.168.204.200

nginx升级主机

Kali Linux

2024.1

192.168.204.146（动态）

192.168.204.100（静态）

已部署openvas

（2）查看Kali Linux (2024.1)系统版本

cat /etc/os-release

（3）查看Kali Linux (2024.1)系统IP地址

ip addr

2.Kali Linux 使用nmap扫描CentOS

（1）扫描网段存活主机

nmap -sP 192.168.204.0/24

（2）扫描主机

nmap 192.168.204.200

（3）扫描主机系统

nmap -O 192.168.204.200

（4）扫描22端口开放情况

nmap -sS -p 22 192.168.204.200

（5）hydra 破解密码

hydra -l root -P test.txt 192.168.204.200 ssh

3.Kali Linux 远程CentOS

（1）远程

ssh root@192.168.204.200

（2）查看nginx版本

系统做了版本隐藏与修改

[root@www ~]# nginx -v

（3）查看进程

nginx未启动

[root@www ~]# ps axuw | head -1;ps axuw | grep nginx
USER        PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root       3061  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/1    R+   12:32   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@www ~]#
[root@www ~]# ps -ef | grep  -E "CMD|nginx"
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root       3063   3006  0 12:32 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto -E CMD|nginx

测试


[root@www ~]# curl -I 127.0.0.1
curl: (7) Failed connect to 127.0.0.1:80; 拒绝连接[root@www ~]# curl -I 192.168.204.200
curl: (7) Failed connect to 192.168.204.200:80; 拒绝连接

（4）查看nginx安装位置

[root@www ~]# whereis nginx
nginx: /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/lib64/nginx /etc/nginx /usr/local/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx /usr/share/nginx /usr/share/man/man3/nginx.3pm.gz /usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8.gz

（5）重启服务

[root@www ~]# systemctl restart nginx

测试

[root@www ~]# curl -I 192.168.204.200
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: IIS777
Date: Tue, 19 Mar 2024 04:34:59 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 59
Last-Modified: Tue, 04 Jul 2023 13:39:01 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "64a420f5-3b"
Accept-Ranges: bytes[root@www ~]# curl -I 192.168.204.200
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: IIS777
Date: Tue, 19 Mar 2024 04:35:01 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 59
Last-Modified: Tue, 04 Jul 2023 13:39:01 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "64a420f5-3b"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

（6）查看进程

nginx已启动

[root@www ~]# ps axuw | head -1;ps axuw | grep nginx
USER        PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root       3142  0.0  0.0  20532   688 ?        Ss   12:34   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      3143  0.2  0.1  24292  2724 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3144  0.0  0.1  24292  2724 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3145  0.0  0.1  24292  2724 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3146  0.0  0.1  24292  2724 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3147  0.0  0.1  24292  2724 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3148  0.0  0.1  24292  2724 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3149  0.0  0.1  24292  2724 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3150  0.2  0.1  24292  2972 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
root       3158  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/1    S+   12:35   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@www ~]# ps -ef | grep  -E "CMD|nginx"
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root       3142      1  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      3143   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3144   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3145   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3146   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3147   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3148   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3149   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3150   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root       3160   3006  0 12:35 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto -E CMD|nginx

（7）继续查看版本

[root@www ~]# nginx -v
nginx version: IIS777
[root@www ~]#
[root@www ~]# rpm -qa | grep nginx
nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-10.el7.noarch
nginx-1.20.1-10.el7.x86_64
[root@www ~]# /usr/local/sbin/nginx -V
nginx version: IIS777
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module

（8）查看nginx文件

本机存在2个版本的安装包

[root@www nginx]# find / -name nginx*

（9）查看配置文件

确定本机安装版本为1.22.0

[root@www nginx]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

[root@www nginx]# vim /opt/nginx-1.22.0/src/core/nginx.h

4.Kali Linux 使用openvas 扫描 CentOS

（1）端口列表(Port Lists)

Configuration - Port Lists

(2)创建端口

选择带星号图标

（3）弹出界面

（4）扫描80端口

（5）新增http

（5)目标主机(Targets)

Configuration - Targets

(6) 创建扫描目标

选择带星号图标

（7）弹出界面

（8）扫描目标

（9）扫描任务

Scans -Tasks

(10) 创建扫描任务

选择带星号图标

（11）弹出界面

（12）设置

查看扫描方式

（14）查看，点击底部播放按钮

（15）开始扫描

观察变化

（16）查看扫描结果

Scans -Reports

点击左下角时间查看信息

（17）下载报告

点击左上角下载图标

（18）弹出界面

查看下载类型

选择PDF

5.Nginx 热升级

（1）查看版本

最新版本为1.25.4

https://nginx.org/download/

（2）下载

[root@www opt]# wget no-check-certificate https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.25.4.tar.gz

（3）备份

[root@www nginx-1.25.4]# cd ~
[root@www ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx
[root@www nginx]# ls
client_body_temp  conf  fastcgi_temp  html  logs  passwd.db  proxy_temp  sbin  scgi_temp  uwsgi_temp
[root@www nginx]# cd ..
[root@www local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql  nginx  php  sbin  share  src  stress
[root@www local]# cp -pr ./nginx ./nginx_20240319_1.22.0
[root@www local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql  nginx  nginx_20240319_1.22.0  php  sbin  share  src  stress

（4）解压

[root@www opt]# tar xf nginx-1.25.4.tar.gz

（5）编译

[root@www local]# cd /opt/nginx-1.25.4/
[root@www nginx-1.25.4]# ls#这里指定的安装路径前缀和老的nginx保持一致
[root@www nginx-1.25.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module

[root@www nginx-1.25.4]# make

(6)验证

[root@www nginx-1.25.4]# ls
auto  CHANGES  CHANGES.ru  conf  configure  contrib  html  LICENSE  Makefile  man  objs  README  src
[root@www nginx-1.25.4]# cd objs
[root@www objs]# ls
autoconf.err  Makefile  nginx  nginx.8  ngx_auto_config.h  ngx_auto_headers.h  ngx_modules.c  ngx_modules.o  src

（7）备份旧的Nginx二进制

[root@www objs]# cd /usr/local/sbin
[root@www sbin]# ls
nginx  php-fpm
[root@www sbin]# mv ./nginx ./nginx_1.22.0
[root@www sbin]# ls
nginx_1.22.0  php-fpm

（8）拷贝新的Nginx二进制

[root@www sbin]# cd ..
[root@www local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql  nginx  nginx_20240319_1.22.0  php  sbin  share  src  stress
[root@www local]# cp -pr /opt/nginx-1.25.4/objs/nginx ./sbin

查看

[root@www local]# cd sbin
[root@www sbin]# ls
nginx  nginx_1.22.0  php-fpm

（9）向旧的master发送USR2信号

查看旧的master进程PID为3142

[root@www sbin]# ps -ef | grep  -E "CMD|nginx"
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root       3142      1  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      3143   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3144   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3145   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3146   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3147   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3148   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3149   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3150   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:01 nginx: worker process
root      10884   3006  0 14:09 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto -E CMD|nginx
[root@www sbin]# ps axuw | head -1;ps axuw | grep nginx
USER        PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root       3142  0.0  0.0  20532   688 ?        Ss   12:34   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      3143  0.0  0.1  24292  2964 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3144  0.0  0.1  24292  2972 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3145  0.0  0.1  24292  2968 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3146  0.0  0.1  24292  2972 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3147  0.0  0.1  24292  2968 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3148  0.0  0.1  24292  2968 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3149  0.0  0.1  24292  2972 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3150  0.0  0.1  24292  2972 ?        S    12:34   0:01 nginx: worker process
root      10922  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/1    S+   14:10   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

（10）确认nginx.pid位置

[root@www run]# cd /usr/local/nginx[root@www nginx]# find ./ -name nginx.pid
./logs/nginx.pid
[root@www nginx]# cat ./logs/nginx.pid
3142

(11) 热升级

[root@www nginx]# kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid `

查看进程


[root@www nginx]# ps -ef | grep  -E "CMD|nginx"
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root       3142      1  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      3143   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3144   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3145   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3146   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3147   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3148   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3149   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3150   3142  0 12:34 ?        00:00:01 nginx: worker process
root      12211   3142  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     12212  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12213  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12214  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12215  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12216  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12217  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12218  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12219  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      12238   3006  0 14:32 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto -E CMD|nginx
[root@www nginx]# ps axuw | head -1;ps axuw | grep nginx
USER        PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root       3142  0.0  0.0  20532   844 ?        Ss   12:34   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx      3143  0.0  0.1  24292  2964 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3144  0.0  0.1  24292  2972 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3145  0.0  0.1  24292  2968 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3146  0.0  0.1  24292  2972 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3147  0.0  0.1  24292  2968 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3148  0.0  0.1  24292  2968 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3149  0.0  0.1  24292  2972 ?        S    12:34   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx      3150  0.0  0.1  24292  2972 ?        S    12:34   0:01 nginx: worker process
root      12211  0.0  0.0  20536  1692 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     12212  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12213  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12214  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12215  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12216  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12217  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12218  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12219  0.0  0.1  24296  2452 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      12249  0.0  0.0 112676   980 pts/1    R+   14:32   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

发现有两个master进程，第二个master进程就是新的主进程，并且是作为老进程的子进程启动的。

并且nginx会将老的pid文件命名为nginx.pid.oldbin。

[root@www logs]# ll | head -1 ;ll |grep nginx.pid
总用量 5904
-rw-r--r--. 1 root  root       6 3月  19 14:32 nginx.pid
-rw-r--r--. 1 root  root       5 3月  19 12:34 nginx.pid.oldbin

[root@www logs]# ll /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.oldbin
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5 3月  19 12:34 /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.oldbin

查看PID

[root@www logs]# cat nginx.pid
12211
[root@www logs]# cat nginx.pid.oldbin
3142

(12)向旧master发送winch信号

[root@www logs]# kill -WINCH `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.oldbin`

[root@www logs]# ps -ef | grep  -E "CMD|nginx"
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root       3142      1  0 12:34 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root      12211   3142  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     12212  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12213  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12214  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12215  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12216  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12217  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12218  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12219  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      12887   3006  0 14:43 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto -E CMD|nginx
[root@www logs]# ps axuw | head -1;ps axuw | grep nginx
USER        PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root       3142  0.0  0.0  20532   844 ?        Ss   12:34   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root      12211  0.0  0.0  20536  1692 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     12212  0.0  0.1  24296  2968 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12213  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12214  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12215  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12216  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12217  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12218  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12219  0.0  0.1  24296  2452 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      12899  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/1    R+   14:43   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

平滑关闭旧master的worker进程

（13）向旧master发送QUIT信号

[root@www logs]# kill -QUIT `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.oldbin`

[root@www logs]# ps -ef | grep  -E "CMD|nginx"
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root      12211      1  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     12212  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12213  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12214  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12215  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12216  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12217  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12218  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12219  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      13069   3006  0 14:46 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto -E CMD|nginx
[root@www logs]# ps axuw | head -1;ps axuw | grep nginx
USER        PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root      12211  0.0  0.0  20536  1692 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     12212  0.0  0.1  24296  2968 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12213  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12214  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12215  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12216  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12217  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12218  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12219  0.0  0.1  24296  2452 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      13084  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/1    R+   14:46   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

（14）创建软连接

[root@www logs]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /bin/

（15）验证

[root@www logs]# nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.25.4
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module

6.Nginx 平滑回退

（1）替换nginx二进制文件

查看

[root@www logs]# cd /usr/local/sbin
[root@www sbin]# ls
nginx  nginx_1.22.0  php-fpm

替换

[root@www sbin]# mv nginx nginx_1.25.4
[root@www sbin]# ls
nginx_1.22.0  nginx_1.25.4  php-fpm
[root@www sbin]# mv nginx_1.22.0 nginx
[root@www sbin]# ls
nginx  nginx_1.25.4  php-fpm

（2）向旧的master发送USR2信号

查看PID

[root@www logs]# cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
12211

[root@www logs]# kill -USR2 `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid `

查看进程


[root@www logs]# ps -ef | grep  -E "CMD|nginx"
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root      12211      1  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     12212  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12213  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12214  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12215  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12216  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12217  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12218  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12219  12211  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      14055  12211  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     14056  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14057  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14058  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14059  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14060  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14061  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14062  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14063  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      14077   3006  0 15:02 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto -E CMD|nginx
[root@www logs]# ps axuw | head -1;ps axuw | grep nginx
USER        PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root      12211  0.0  0.0  20536  1692 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     12212  0.0  0.1  24296  2968 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12213  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12214  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12215  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12216  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12217  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12218  0.0  0.1  24296  2712 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     12219  0.0  0.1  24296  2452 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      14055  0.0  0.0  20536  1696 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     14056  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14057  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14058  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14059  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14060  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14061  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14062  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14063  0.0  0.1  24296  2456 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      14087  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/1    R+   15:03   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

nginx会将老的pid文件命名为nginx.pid.oldbin。

[root@www logs]# ll | head -1 ;ll |grep nginx.pid
总用量 5908
-rw-r--r--. 1 root  root       6 3月  19 15:02 nginx.pid
-rw-r--r--. 1 root  root       6 3月  19 14:32 nginx.pid.oldbin

查看PID

[root@www logs]# cat nginx.pid
14055
[root@www logs]# cat nginx.pid.oldbin
12211

（3）向旧的master发送WINCH信号

[root@www logs]# kill -WINCH `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.oldbin`

查看进程

[root@www logs]# ps -ef | grep  -E "CMD|nginx"
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root      12211      1  0 14:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root      14055  12211  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     14056  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14057  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14058  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14059  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14060  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14061  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14062  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14063  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      14290   3006  0 15:06 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto -E CMD|nginx
[root@www logs]# ps axuw | head -1;ps axuw | grep nginx
USER        PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root      12211  0.0  0.0  20536  1692 ?        S    14:32   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
root      14055  0.0  0.0  20536  1696 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     14056  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14057  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14058  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14059  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14060  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14061  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14062  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14063  0.0  0.1  24296  2456 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      14305  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/1    R+   15:06   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

（4）向旧的master发送QUIT信号

[root@www logs]# kill -QUIT `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.oldbin`

查看进程

[root@www logs]# ps -ef | grep  -E "CMD|nginx"
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root      14055      1  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     14056  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14057  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14058  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14059  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14060  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14061  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14062  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14063  14055  0 15:02 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      14371   3006  0 15:07 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto -E CMD|nginx
[root@www logs]# ps axuw | head -1;ps axuw | grep nginx
USER        PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root      14055  0.0  0.0  20536  1696 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx     14056  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14057  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14058  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14059  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14060  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14061  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14062  0.0  0.1  24296  2716 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
nginx     14063  0.0  0.1  24296  2456 ?        S    15:02   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      14377  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/1    R+   15:07   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

（5）验证

已恢复之前版本

[root@www logs]# nginx -V
nginx version: IIS777
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC)
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module

二、问题

1.kill命令的信号有哪些

（1）查看信号

[root@www ~]# kill -l1) SIGHUP       2) SIGINT       3) SIGQUIT      4) SIGILL       5) SIGTRAP6) SIGABRT      7) SIGBUS       8) SIGFPE       9) SIGKILL     10) SIGUSR1
11) SIGSEGV     12) SIGUSR2     13) SIGPIPE     14) SIGALRM     15) SIGTERM
16) SIGSTKFLT   17) SIGCHLD     18) SIGCONT     19) SIGSTOP     20) SIGTSTP
21) SIGTTIN     22) SIGTTOU     23) SIGURG      24) SIGXCPU     25) SIGXFSZ
26) SIGVTALRM   27) SIGPROF     28) SIGWINCH    29) SIGIO       30) SIGPWR
31) SIGSYS      34) SIGRTMIN    35) SIGRTMIN+1  36) SIGRTMIN+2  37) SIGRTMIN+3
38) SIGRTMIN+4  39) SIGRTMIN+5  40) SIGRTMIN+6  41) SIGRTMIN+7  42) SIGRTMIN+8
43) SIGRTMIN+9  44) SIGRTMIN+10 45) SIGRTMIN+11 46) SIGRTMIN+12 47) SIGRTMIN+13
48) SIGRTMIN+14 49) SIGRTMIN+15 50) SIGRTMAX-14 51) SIGRTMAX-13 52) SIGRTMAX-12
53) SIGRTMAX-11 54) SIGRTMAX-10 55) SIGRTMAX-9  56) SIGRTMAX-8  57) SIGRTMAX-7
58) SIGRTMAX-6  59) SIGRTMAX-5  60) SIGRTMAX-4  61) SIGRTMAX-3  62) SIGRTMAX-2
63) SIGRTMAX-1  64) SIGRTMAX

2.平滑升级与回退的信号

（1）信号

信号	数字	含义
QUIT	3	关闭
HUP	1	重启
USR1	10	重新打开日志文件，repon
USR2	12	平滑升级可执行的二进制程序
WINCH	28	平滑关闭worker进程