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🍅 1、专栏介绍

「SQL面试题库」是由 不是西红柿 发起，全员免费参与的SQL学习活动。我每天发布1道SQL面试真题，从简单到困难，涵盖所有SQL知识点，我敢保证只要做完这100道题，不仅能轻松搞定面试，代码能力和工作效率也会有明显提升。

1.1 活动流程

1. 整理题目：西红柿每天无论刮风下雨，保证在8am 前，更新一道新鲜SQL面试真题。
2. 粉丝打卡：粉丝们可在评论区写上解题思路，或者直接完成SQL代码，有困难的小伙伴不要着急，先看别人是怎么解题的，边看边学，不懂就问我。
3. 交流讨论：为了方便交流讨论，可进入 数据仓库 。
4. 活动奖励：我每天都会看评论区和群里的内容，对于积极学习和热心解答问题的小伙伴，红包鼓励，以营造更好的学习氛围。

1.2 你的收获

1. 增强自信，搞定面试：在求职中，SQL是经常遇到的技能点，而这些题目也多数是真实的面试题，刷题可以让我们更好地备战面试，增强自信，提升自己的核心竞争力。

2. 巩固SQL语法，高效搞定工作：通过不断练习，能够熟悉SQL的语法和常用函数，掌握SQL核心知识点，提高SQL编写能力。代码能力提升了，工作效率自然高了。

3. 提高数据处理能力、锻炼思维能力：SQL是数据处理的核心工具，通过刷题可以让我们更好地理解数据处理的过程，提高数据分析的效率。SQL题目的难度不一，需要在一定时间内解决问题，培养了我们对问题的思考能力、解决问题的能力和对时间的把控能力等。

🍅 2、今日真题

题目介绍： The Most Recent Three Orders the-most-recent-three-orders

难度中等

SQL架构

Table:

Customers

+---------------+---------+
| Column Name   | Type    |
+---------------+---------+
| customer_id   | int     |
| name          | varchar |
+---------------+---------+
customer_id is the primary key for this table.
This table contains information about customers.

Table:

Orders

+---------------+---------+
| Column Name   | Type    |
+---------------+---------+
| order_id      | int     |
| order_date    | date    |
| customer_id   | int     |
| cost          | int     |
+---------------+---------+
order_id is the primary key for this table.
This table contains information about the orders made by customer_id.
Each customer has one order per day.

Write an SQL query to find the most recent 3 orders of each user. If a user ordered less than 3 orders return all of their orders.

Return the result table sorted by

customer_name

in ascending order and in case of a tie by the

customer_id

in ascending order. If there still a tie, order them by the

order_date

in descending order.

The query result format is in the following example:

``` Customers +-------------+-----------+ | customer_id | name | +-------------+-----------+ | 1 | Winston | | 2 | Jonathan | | 3 | Annabelle | | 4 | Marwan | | 5 | Khaled | +-------------+-----------+

Orders +----------+------------+-------------+------+ | order_id | order_date | customer_id | cost | +----------+------------+-------------+------+ | 1 | 2020-07-31 | 1 | 30 | | 2 | 2020-07-30 | 2 | 40 | | 3 | 2020-07-31 | 3 | 70 | | 4 | 2020-07-29 | 4 | 100 | | 5 | 2020-06-10 | 1 | 1010 | | 6 | 2020-08-01 | 2 | 102 | | 7 | 2020-08-01 | 3 | 111 | | 8 | 2020-08-03 | 1 | 99 | | 9 | 2020-08-07 | 2 | 32 | | 10 | 2020-07-15 | 1 | 2 | +----------+------------+-------------+------+

Result table: +---------------+-------------+----------+------------+ | customer_name | customer_id | order_id | order_date | +---------------+-------------+----------+------------+ | Annabelle | 3 | 7 | 2020-08-01 | | Annabelle | 3 | 3 | 2020-07-31 | | Jonathan | 2 | 9 | 2020-08-07 | | Jonathan | 2 | 6 | 2020-08-01 | | Jonathan | 2 | 2 | 2020-07-30 | | Marwan | 4 | 4 | 2020-07-29 | | Winston | 1 | 8 | 2020-08-03 | | Winston | 1 | 1 | 2020-07-31 | | Winston | 1 | 10 | 2020-07-15 | +---------------+-------------+----------+------------+ Winston has 4 orders, we discard the order of "2020-06-10" because it is the oldest order. Annabelle has only 2 orders, we return them. Jonathan has exactly 3 orders. Marwan ordered only one time. We sort the result table by customer_name in ascending order, by customer_id in ascending order and by order_date in descending order in case of a tie. ```

Follow-up: Can you write a general solution for the most recent

n

orders?

sql
select name customer_name ,customer_id,order_id,order_date
from (
select  name ,o.customer_id,order_id,order_date ,rank()over(partition by o.customer_id order by order_date desc) rk
from Orders o left join Customers c
on o.customer_id=c.customer_id
)t1
where rk <=3
order by customer_name ,customer_id,order_date desc

• 已经有灵感了？在评论区写下你的思路吧！